An important reason for conducting a reference is the chance that information can be gleaned that may otherwise not have come out in an interview.  We all know that in interviews there is some nervousness involved and in some instances you may forget certain tasks or think some abilities aren’t worth mentioning but an employer may think these tasks and abilities are very valuable.  Performing a reference is helpful in getting specific insight and/or questions addressed that may be pertinent for a particular job. Additional information such as, abilities, softwares used, additional languages etc. are questions that can be asked of your reference. 

A written reference is transportable; you can carry it in the interview and hand a copy to whomever you are meeting with.  Written references are valuable in that someone has taken the time to write information about you and your skills. When providing a written reference although it does confirm employment, it is always better to have additional information such as daily duties performed. 

References are a snapshot of you and how you conducted your daily work related tasks. In all honesty, it is an opportunity to have someone toot your horn! 

References provide; 

• Insight into the character and work ethic
• Pride taken in tasks, and can reveal hidden abilities
• How change in the work force is handled
• Cooperation with others
• Leadership skills
• Career progression; taking on challenging assignments
• Interaction with a Referee can sometimes determine their character  

Types of references are very important.  You should always have at least one report to (someone you directly reported to) reference for each of your positions.

Report to Reference provides: Skill sets, responsibilities and character, management of people, projects, tasks.

Co-Worker Reference provides: Ability as a team member, strengths that came through, ethics, dealings with upper management, etc. It is seen from their perspective daily. 

Not providing a reference or refusing to give a reference will most likely be a red flag for most recruiters and employers.  At the same time when you do provide someone with your references, please be sure to call all of them ahead of time to ensure they are aware that someone will be calling them.